The review process starts at our offices with the editors. Upon submission, the article is reviewed to ensure it is inline with the journal scope and it meets the minimum requirements for publications. Once this is completed, the manuscript is sent to external reviewers. At this stage, the manuscript is reviewed for the following:

Plagiarism: when an author uses other authors work without permission or acknowledgment. Plagiarism has two levels of severity:

• The amount copied from another researcher's work: few lines, paragraphs, pages, or the complete article. 
• What was copied from that research? results, methods, or the introduction.

Please avoid the following plagiarism techniques:

• Literal Copying: a word for word reproduction whether in parts or in whole without permission or proper citation of the original source
• Substantial Copying: capturing other researchers work such as graphs, tables, and methodologies without properly citing the source.
• Paraphrasing: capturing ideas of someone else while not copying word for word without citing the source.
• Text-recycling: submitting part of another author's work as a new paper.

Scope: After a manuscript has undergone similarity check and the level of similarity is judged to be appropriate, the content of the manuscript scope is checked against the journal scope. In situations where the content of the manuscript does not fit the scope of the journal, the author is informed with the decision and is kindly requested to submit the article to a more suitable journal. If the manuscript fits the scope of the journal, it will go through the full review process with external reviewers and will receive one of three decisions:

• Accepted
• Requires revision
• Rejected.

Recent references: Academic Journals encourage authors to cite more recent articles. Preferably, considerable number of the cited articles should be works that were published within the last five years.

English Language: The journal currently publishes full text of articles in four different languages. The author can select the language of choice for the full manuscript publication. The abstract is published alongside the main publication language in the three other languages. It is the author's responsibility to submit the translated abstract from any professional translation center of his choice. The publisher can also help with the translation if required through the university certified translation center (service available upon request - $ 20 per page per language). Google translation and other automated translations are not acceptable. 

Manuscripts are checked for their language structure, coherence, clarity, and correctness. Also, it must adhere to the journal's instructions for Authors. The editors usually make correction to minor grammatical errors in such a manner that it does not alter the manuscript. However, in situations where language is substantially difficult to comprehend, the manuscript is returned to the author to improve the clarity of the language.

Peer review process is critical because:

• Improves the quality of the published paper.
• Ensures previous work is acknowledged.
• Determines the importance of findings.
• Detects plagiarism and fraud.
• Improves career development. 

The benefits of the peer review process can be summarized in keeping you up to date with the latest research, stimulating your own research, helping you build association with journals and editors, and ability to imperative for academic career development.